implement variable assignments

Cargo.toml

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ path-absolutize = "3.1.1"
 pathdiff = "0.2.3"
 serde = { version = "1.0.217", features = ["derive"], optional = true }
 # shulkerbox = { version = "0.1.0", default-features = false, optional = true }
-shulkerbox = { git = "https://github.com/moritz-hoelting/shulkerbox", rev = "811d71508208f8415d881f7c4d73429f1a73f36a", default-features = false, optional = true }
+shulkerbox = { git = "https://github.com/moritz-hoelting/shulkerbox", rev = "cf8c922704a38980def3c6267cee2eeba304394c", default-features = false, optional = true }
 strsim = "0.11.1"
 strum = { version = "0.27.0", features = ["derive"] }
 thiserror = "2.0.11"

src/semantic/mod.rs

@@ -307,6 +307,10 @@ impl Semicolon {
             SemicolonStatement::VariableDeclaration(decl) => {
                 decl.analyze_semantics(function_names, macro_names, handler)
             }
+            SemicolonStatement::Assignment(_assignment) => {
+                // TODO: correctly analyze the semantics of the assignment
+                Ok(())
+            }
         }
     }
 }

src/syntax/syntax_tree/statement.rs

@@ -93,6 +93,14 @@ impl Statement {
                         })
                     })
                 }
+                SemicolonStatement::Assignment(_) => {
+                    let err = Error::InvalidAnnotation(InvalidAnnotation {
+                        annotation: annotation.assignment.identifier.span,
+                        target: "assignments".to_string(),
+                    });
+
+                    Err(err)
+                }
                 SemicolonStatement::Expression(_) => {
                     let err = Error::InvalidAnnotation(InvalidAnnotation {
                         annotation: annotation.assignment.identifier.span,
@@ -272,7 +280,7 @@ impl Semicolon {
 /// Syntax Synopsis:
 /// ``` ebnf
 /// SemicolonStatement:
-///    (Expression | VariableDeclaration)
+///    (Expression | VariableDeclaration | Assignment)
 ///    ';'
 ///   ;
 /// ```
@@ -283,6 +291,8 @@ pub enum SemicolonStatement {
     Expression(Expression),
     /// A variable declaration.
     VariableDeclaration(VariableDeclaration),
+    /// An assignment.
+    Assignment(Assignment),
 }
 
 impl SourceElement for SemicolonStatement {
@@ -290,6 +300,7 @@ impl SourceElement for SemicolonStatement {
         match self {
             Self::Expression(expression) => expression.span(),
             Self::VariableDeclaration(declaration) => declaration.span(),
+            Self::Assignment(assignment) => assignment.span(),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -669,6 +680,44 @@ impl TagVariableDeclaration {
     }
 }
 
+/// Represents an assignment in the syntax tree.
+///
+/// Syntax Synopsis:
+/// ```ebnf
+/// Assignment:
+///    Identifier '=' Expression
+/// ```
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash, Getters)]
+pub struct Assignment {
+    /// The identifier of the assignment.
+    #[get = "pub"]
+    identifier: Identifier,
+    /// The equals sign of the assignment.
+    #[get = "pub"]
+    equals: Punctuation,
+    /// The expression of the assignment.
+    #[get = "pub"]
+    expression: Expression,
+}
+
+impl SourceElement for Assignment {
+    fn span(&self) -> Span {
+        self.identifier
+            .span()
+            .join(&self.expression.span())
+            .expect("The span of the assignment is invalid.")
+    }
+}
+
+impl Assignment {
+    /// Dissolves the [`Assignment`] into its components.
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn dissolve(self) -> (Identifier, Punctuation, Expression) {
+        (self.identifier, self.equals, self.expression)
+    }
+}
+
 impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
     /// Parses a [`Block`].
     ///
@@ -808,9 +857,27 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
                 self.parse_variable_declaration(handler)
                     .map(SemicolonStatement::VariableDeclaration)
             }
-            _ => self
+            _ => {
-                .parse_expression(handler)
+                // try to parse assignment
-                .map(SemicolonStatement::Expression),
+                // TODO: improve
+                #[expect(clippy::option_if_let_else)]
+                if let Ok(assignment) = self.try_parse(|p| {
+                    let identifier = p.parse_identifier(&VoidHandler)?;
+                    let equals = p.parse_punctuation('=', true, &VoidHandler)?;
+                    let expression = p.parse_expression(&VoidHandler)?;
+
+                    Ok(SemicolonStatement::Assignment(Assignment {
+                        identifier,
+                        equals,
+                        expression,
+                    }))
+                }) {
+                    Ok(assignment)
+                } else {
+                    self.parse_expression(handler)
+                        .map(SemicolonStatement::Expression)
+                }
+            }
         }?;
 
         let semicolon = self.parse_punctuation(';', true, handler)?;

src/transpile/error.rs

@@ -36,6 +36,8 @@ pub enum TranspileError {
     MismatchedTypes(#[from] MismatchedTypes),
     #[error(transparent)]
     FunctionArgumentsNotAllowed(#[from] FunctionArgumentsNotAllowed),
+    #[error(transparent)]
+    AssignmentError(#[from] AssignmentError),
 }
 
 /// The result of a transpilation operation.
@@ -227,3 +229,25 @@ impl Display for FunctionArgumentsNotAllowed {
 }
 
 impl std::error::Error for FunctionArgumentsNotAllowed {}
+
+/// An error that occurs when an expression can not evaluate to the wanted type.
+#[expect(clippy::module_name_repetitions)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct AssignmentError {
+    pub identifier: Span,
+    pub message: String,
+}
+
+impl Display for AssignmentError {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "{}", Message::new(Severity::Error, &self.message))?;
+
+        write!(
+            f,
+            "\n{}",
+            SourceCodeDisplay::new(&self.identifier, Option::<u8>::None)
+        )
+    }
+}
+
+impl std::error::Error for AssignmentError {}

src/transpile/transpiler.rs

@@ -38,7 +38,9 @@ use super::{
 /// A transpiler for `Shulkerscript`.
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct Transpiler {
+    pub(super) main_namespace_name: String,
     pub(super) datapack: shulkerbox::datapack::Datapack,
+    pub(super) setup_cmds: Vec<Command>,
     /// Top-level [`Scope`] for each program identifier
     scopes: BTreeMap<String, Arc<Scope<'static>>>,
     /// Key: (program identifier, function name)
@@ -51,8 +53,11 @@ impl Transpiler {
     /// Creates a new transpiler.
     #[must_use]
     pub fn new(main_namespace_name: impl Into<String>, pack_format: u8) -> Self {
+        let main_namespace_name = main_namespace_name.into();
         Self {
+            main_namespace_name: main_namespace_name.clone(),
             datapack: shulkerbox::datapack::Datapack::new(main_namespace_name, pack_format),
+            setup_cmds: Vec::new(),
             scopes: BTreeMap::new(),
             functions: BTreeMap::new(),
             aliases: HashMap::new(),
@@ -119,6 +124,14 @@ impl Transpiler {
             self.get_or_transpile_function(&identifier_span, None, &scope, handler)?;
         }
 
+        if !self.setup_cmds.is_empty() {
+            let main_namespace = self.datapack.namespace_mut(&self.main_namespace_name);
+            let setup_fn = main_namespace.function_mut("shu/setup");
+            setup_fn.get_commands_mut().extend(self.setup_cmds.clone());
+            self.datapack
+                .add_load(format!("{}:shu/setup", self.main_namespace_name));
+        }
+
         Ok(())
     }
 
@@ -218,8 +231,8 @@ impl Transpiler {
             Declaration::Tag(tag) => {
                 let namespace = self
                     .datapack
-                    .namespace_mut(&namespace.namespace_name().str_content());
+                    .namespace_mut(namespace.namespace_name().str_content());
-                let sb_tag = namespace.tag_mut(&tag.name().str_content(), tag.tag_type());
+                let sb_tag = namespace.tag_mut(tag.name().str_content(), tag.tag_type());
 
                 if let Some(list) = &tag.entries().list {
                     for value in list.elements() {
@@ -553,6 +566,12 @@ impl Transpiler {
                 SemicolonStatement::VariableDeclaration(decl) => {
                     self.transpile_variable_declaration(decl, program_identifier, scope, handler)
                 }
+                SemicolonStatement::Assignment(assignment) => self.transpile_assignment(
+                    assignment.identifier(),
+                    assignment.expression(),
+                    scope,
+                    handler,
+                ),
             },
         }
     }

src/transpile/variables.rs

@@ -8,12 +8,12 @@ use std::{
 };
 
 use chksum_md5 as md5;
-use shulkerbox::prelude::Command;
+use shulkerbox::prelude::{Command, Condition, Execute};
 use strum::EnumIs;
 
 use crate::{
     base::{self, source_file::SourceElement as _, Handler},
-    lexical::token::KeywordKind,
+    lexical::token::{Identifier, KeywordKind},
     syntax::syntax_tree::{
         expression::{Expression, Primary},
         statement::{SingleVariableDeclaration, VariableDeclaration},
@@ -21,8 +21,9 @@ use crate::{
 };
 
 use super::{
-    error::IllegalAnnotationContent, expression::DataLocation, FunctionData,
+    error::{AssignmentError, IllegalAnnotationContent},
-    TranspileAnnotationValue, TranspileError, TranspileResult, Transpiler,
+    expression::DataLocation,
+    FunctionData, TranspileAnnotationValue, TranspileError, TranspileResult, Transpiler,
 };
 
 /// Stores the data required to access a variable.
@@ -87,6 +88,8 @@ pub struct Scope<'a> {
     parent: Option<&'a Arc<Self>>,
     /// Variables stored in the scope.
     variables: RwLock<HashMap<String, Arc<VariableData>>>,
+    /// How many times the variable has been shadowed in the current scope.
+    shadowed: RwLock<HashMap<String, usize>>,
 }
 
 impl<'a> Scope<'a> {
@@ -117,12 +120,35 @@ impl<'a> Scope<'a> {
         }
     }
 
+    /// Gets the number of times a variable has been shadowed.
+    pub fn get_variable_shadow_count(&self, name: &str) -> usize {
+        let count = self
+            .shadowed
+            .read()
+            .unwrap()
+            .get(name)
+            .copied()
+            .unwrap_or(0);
+        self.parent.as_ref().map_or(count, |parent| {
+            count
+                + parent.get_variable_shadow_count(name)
+                + usize::from(parent.get_variable(name).is_some())
+        })
+    }
+
     /// Sets a variable in the scope.
     pub fn set_variable(&self, name: &str, var: VariableData) {
-        self.variables
+        let prev = self
+            .variables
             .write()
             .unwrap()
             .insert(name.to_string(), Arc::new(var));
+        *self
+            .shadowed
+            .write()
+            .unwrap()
+            .entry(name.to_string())
+            .or_default() += 1;
     }
 
     /// Gets the variables stored in the current scope.
@@ -161,6 +187,7 @@ impl<'a> Debug for Scope<'a> {
         s.field("parent", &self.parent);
 
         s.field("variables", &VariableWrapper(&self.variables));
+        s.field("shadowed", &self.shadowed);
         s.finish()
     }
 }
@@ -184,7 +211,6 @@ impl Transpiler {
         }
     }
 
-    #[expect(clippy::too_many_lines)]
     fn transpile_single_variable_declaration(
         &mut self,
         single: &SingleVariableDeclaration,
@@ -209,97 +235,14 @@ impl Transpiler {
             handler.receive(error.clone());
             return Err(error);
         }
-        let (name, target) = if let Some(deobfuscate_annotation) = deobfuscate_annotation {
+        let (name, target) =
-            let deobfuscate_annotation_value =
+            get_single_data_location_identifiers(single, program_identifier, scope, handler)?;
-                TranspileAnnotationValue::from(deobfuscate_annotation.assignment().value.clone());
-
-            if let TranspileAnnotationValue::Map(map) = deobfuscate_annotation_value {
-                if map.len() > 2 {
-                    let error =
-                        TranspileError::IllegalAnnotationContent(IllegalAnnotationContent {
-                            annotation: deobfuscate_annotation.span(),
-                            message: "Deobfuscate annotation must have at most 2 key-value pairs."
-                                .to_string(),
-                        });
-                    handler.receive(error.clone());
-                    return Err(error);
-                }
-                if let (Some(name), Some(target)) = (map.get("name"), map.get("target")) {
-                    if let (
-                        TranspileAnnotationValue::Expression(objective),
-                        TranspileAnnotationValue::Expression(target),
-                    ) = (name, target)
-                    {
-                        if let (Some(name_eval), Some(target_eval)) =
-                            (objective.comptime_eval(), target.comptime_eval())
-                        {
-                            // TODO: change invalid criteria if boolean
-                            if !crate::util::is_valid_scoreboard_name(&name_eval) {
-                                let error = TranspileError::IllegalAnnotationContent(IllegalAnnotationContent {
-                                            annotation: deobfuscate_annotation.span(),
-                                            message: "Deobfuscate annotation 'name' must be a valid scoreboard name.".to_string()
-                                        });
-                                handler.receive(error.clone());
-                                return Err(error);
-                            }
-                            if !crate::util::is_valid_player_name(&target_eval) {
-                                let error = TranspileError::IllegalAnnotationContent(IllegalAnnotationContent {
-                                            annotation: deobfuscate_annotation.span(),
-                                            message: "Deobfuscate annotation 'target' must be a valid player name.".to_string()
-                                        });
-                                handler.receive(error.clone());
-                                return Err(error);
-                            }
-                            (name_eval, target_eval)
-                        } else {
-                            let error = TranspileError::IllegalAnnotationContent(IllegalAnnotationContent {
-                                        annotation: deobfuscate_annotation.span(),
-                                        message: "Deobfuscate annotation 'name' or 'target' could not have been evaluated at compile time.".to_string()
-                                    });
-                            handler.receive(error.clone());
-                            return Err(error);
-                        }
-                    } else {
-                        let error = TranspileError::IllegalAnnotationContent(IllegalAnnotationContent {
-                                    annotation: deobfuscate_annotation.span(),
-                                    message: "Deobfuscate annotation 'name' and 'target' must be compile time expressions.".to_string()
-                                });
-                        handler.receive(error.clone());
-                        return Err(error);
-                    }
-                } else {
-                    let error =
-                        TranspileError::IllegalAnnotationContent(IllegalAnnotationContent {
-                            annotation: deobfuscate_annotation.span(),
-                            message:
-                                "Deobfuscate annotation must have both 'name' and 'target' keys."
-                                    .to_string(),
-                        });
-                    handler.receive(error.clone());
-                    return Err(error);
-                }
-            } else {
-                let error = TranspileError::IllegalAnnotationContent(IllegalAnnotationContent {
-                    annotation: deobfuscate_annotation.span(),
-                    message: "Deobfuscate annotation must be a map.".to_string(),
-                });
-                handler.receive(error.clone());
-                return Err(error);
-            }
-        } else {
-            let name =
-                "shu_values_".to_string() + &md5::hash(program_identifier).to_hex_lowercase();
-            let target = md5::hash((Arc::as_ptr(scope) as usize).to_le_bytes())
-                .to_hex_lowercase()
-                .split_off(16);
-
-            (name, target)
-        };
 
         match variable_type {
             KeywordKind::Int => {
                 if !self.datapack.scoreboards().contains_key(&name) {
-                    self.datapack.register_scoreboard(&name, None, None);
+                    self.datapack
+                        .register_scoreboard(&name, None::<&str>, None::<&str>);
                 }
 
                 scope.set_variable(
@@ -310,6 +253,15 @@ impl Transpiler {
                     },
                 );
             }
+            KeywordKind::Bool => {
+                scope.set_variable(
+                    single.identifier().span.str(),
+                    VariableData::BooleanStorage {
+                        storage_name: name,
+                        path: target,
+                    },
+                );
+            }
             _ => todo!("implement other variable types"),
         }
 
@@ -317,7 +269,7 @@ impl Transpiler {
             || Ok(Vec::new()),
             |assignment| {
                 self.transpile_assignment(
-                    single.identifier().span.str(),
+                    single.identifier(),
                     assignment.expression(),
                     scope,
                     handler,
@@ -326,27 +278,166 @@ impl Transpiler {
         )
     }
 
-    fn transpile_assignment(
+    pub(super) fn transpile_assignment(
         &mut self,
-        name: &str,
+        identifier: &Identifier,
         expression: &crate::syntax::syntax_tree::expression::Expression,
         scope: &Arc<Scope>,
         handler: &impl Handler<base::Error>,
     ) -> TranspileResult<Vec<Command>> {
-        let target = scope.get_variable(name).unwrap();
+        if let Some(target) = scope.get_variable(identifier.span.str()) {
-        let data_location = match target.as_ref() {
+            let data_location = match target.as_ref() {
-            VariableData::BooleanStorage { storage_name, path } => DataLocation::Storage {
+                VariableData::BooleanStorage { storage_name, path } => Ok(DataLocation::Storage {
-                storage_name: storage_name.to_owned(),
+                    storage_name: storage_name.to_owned(),
-                path: path.to_owned(),
+                    path: path.to_owned(),
-                r#type: super::expression::StorageType::Boolean,
+                    r#type: super::expression::StorageType::Boolean,
-            },
+                }),
-            VariableData::ScoreboardValue { objective, target } => DataLocation::ScoreboardValue {
+                VariableData::ScoreboardValue { objective, target } => {
-                objective: objective.to_owned(),
+                    Ok(DataLocation::ScoreboardValue {
-                target: target.to_owned(),
+                        objective: objective.to_owned(),
-            },
+                        target: target.to_owned(),
-            _ => todo!("implement other variable types"),
+                    })
-        };
+                }
-        self.transpile_expression(expression, &data_location, scope, handler)
+                VariableData::Function { .. } | VariableData::FunctionArgument { .. } => {
+                    Err(TranspileError::AssignmentError(AssignmentError {
+                        identifier: identifier.span(),
+                        message: format!(
+                            "Cannot assign to a {}.",
+                            if matches!(target.as_ref(), VariableData::Function { .. }) {
+                                "function"
+                            } else {
+                                "function argument"
+                            }
+                        ),
+                    }))
+                }
+                _ => todo!("implement other variable types"),
+            }?;
+            self.transpile_expression(expression, &data_location, scope, handler)
+        } else {
+            Err(TranspileError::AssignmentError(AssignmentError {
+                identifier: identifier.span(),
+                message: "Variable does not exist.".to_string(),
+            }))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[expect(clippy::too_many_lines)]
+fn get_single_data_location_identifiers(
+    single: &SingleVariableDeclaration,
+    program_identifier: &str,
+    scope: &Arc<Scope>,
+    handler: &impl Handler<base::Error>,
+) -> TranspileResult<(String, String)> {
+    let mut deobfuscate_annotations = single
+        .annotations()
+        .iter()
+        .filter(|a| a.has_identifier("deobfuscate"));
+
+    let variable_type = single.variable_type().keyword;
+
+    let deobfuscate_annotation = deobfuscate_annotations.next();
+
+    if let Some(duplicate) = deobfuscate_annotations.next() {
+        let error = TranspileError::IllegalAnnotationContent(IllegalAnnotationContent {
+            annotation: duplicate.span(),
+            message: "Multiple deobfuscate annotations are not allowed.".to_string(),
+        });
+        handler.receive(error.clone());
+        return Err(error);
+    }
+    if let Some(deobfuscate_annotation) = deobfuscate_annotation {
+        let deobfuscate_annotation_value =
+            TranspileAnnotationValue::from(deobfuscate_annotation.assignment().value.clone());
+
+        if let TranspileAnnotationValue::Map(map) = deobfuscate_annotation_value {
+            if map.len() > 2 {
+                let error = TranspileError::IllegalAnnotationContent(IllegalAnnotationContent {
+                    annotation: deobfuscate_annotation.span(),
+                    message: "Deobfuscate annotation must have at most 2 key-value pairs."
+                        .to_string(),
+                });
+                handler.receive(error.clone());
+                return Err(error);
+            }
+            if let (Some(name), Some(target)) = (map.get("name"), map.get("target")) {
+                if let (
+                    TranspileAnnotationValue::Expression(objective),
+                    TranspileAnnotationValue::Expression(target),
+                ) = (name, target)
+                {
+                    if let (Some(name_eval), Some(target_eval)) =
+                        (objective.comptime_eval(), target.comptime_eval())
+                    {
+                        // TODO: change invalid criteria if boolean
+                        if !crate::util::is_valid_scoreboard_name(&name_eval) {
+                            let error = TranspileError::IllegalAnnotationContent(IllegalAnnotationContent {
+                                            annotation: deobfuscate_annotation.span(),
+                                            message: "Deobfuscate annotation 'name' must be a valid scoreboard name.".to_string()
+                                        });
+                            handler.receive(error.clone());
+                            return Err(error);
+                        }
+                        if !crate::util::is_valid_player_name(&target_eval) {
+                            let error = TranspileError::IllegalAnnotationContent(IllegalAnnotationContent {
+                                            annotation: deobfuscate_annotation.span(),
+                                            message: "Deobfuscate annotation 'target' must be a valid player name.".to_string()
+                                        });
+                            handler.receive(error.clone());
+                            return Err(error);
+                        }
+                        Ok((name_eval, target_eval))
+                    } else {
+                        let error = TranspileError::IllegalAnnotationContent(IllegalAnnotationContent {
+                                        annotation: deobfuscate_annotation.span(),
+                                        message: "Deobfuscate annotation 'name' or 'target' could not have been evaluated at compile time.".to_string()
+                                    });
+                        handler.receive(error.clone());
+                        Err(error)
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    let error = TranspileError::IllegalAnnotationContent(IllegalAnnotationContent {
+                                    annotation: deobfuscate_annotation.span(),
+                                    message: "Deobfuscate annotation 'name' and 'target' must be compile time expressions.".to_string()
+                                });
+                    handler.receive(error.clone());
+                    Err(error)
+                }
+            } else {
+                let error = TranspileError::IllegalAnnotationContent(IllegalAnnotationContent {
+                    annotation: deobfuscate_annotation.span(),
+                    message: "Deobfuscate annotation must have both 'name' and 'target' keys."
+                        .to_string(),
+                });
+                handler.receive(error.clone());
+                Err(error)
+            }
+        } else {
+            let error = TranspileError::IllegalAnnotationContent(IllegalAnnotationContent {
+                annotation: deobfuscate_annotation.span(),
+                message: "Deobfuscate annotation must be a map.".to_string(),
+            });
+            handler.receive(error.clone());
+            Err(error)
+        }
+    } else {
+        let hashed = md5::hash(program_identifier).to_hex_lowercase();
+        let name = "shu_values_".to_string() + &hashed;
+        let identifier_name = single.identifier().span.str();
+        // TODO: generate same name each time (not dependent on pointer)
+        let mut target = md5::hash(format!(
+            "{scope}\0{identifier_name}\0{shadowed}",
+            scope = Arc::as_ptr(scope) as usize,
+            shadowed = scope.get_variable_shadow_count(identifier_name)
+        ))
+        .to_hex_lowercase();
+
+        if matches!(variable_type, KeywordKind::Int) {
+            target.split_off(16);
+        }
+
+        Ok((name, target))
     }
 }
 
@@ -392,4 +483,23 @@ mod tests {
             panic!("Variable missing")
         }
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_shadowed_count() {
+        let scope = Scope::new();
+        scope.set_variable(
+            "test",
+            VariableData::Scoreboard {
+                objective: "test1".to_string(),
+            },
+        );
+        let child = Scope::with_parent(&scope);
+        child.set_variable(
+            "test",
+            VariableData::Scoreboard {
+                objective: "test2".to_string(),
+            },
+        );
+        assert_eq!(child.get_variable_shadow_count("test"), 1);
+    }
 }